Energy storage battery refers to a power system that can store electrical energy in the power system and release it when needed. Such batteries could be used for a variety of purposes, such as providing backup power for home and business users, balancing the grid, reducing dependence on fuel and promoting the development of renewable energy. Common energy storage batteries include lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, and sodium-sulfur batteries.
Energy storage batteries work by employing reversible electrochemical reactions. During charging, the battery's positive electrode (cathode) accepts electrons, while the negative electrode (anode) releases electrons. This process stores electrical energy in the battery. When the battery discharges, the flow of electrons reverses, generating electricity.